《札记·涿州》04
涿郡张飞
涿郡沃野属燕赵故地，育壮士、诞猛臣，汉桓侯张飞翼德乃此间千古英杰。其故里在涿州西南忠义店，旧名桃庄，因刘关张桃园结义易名，以彰忠义，至今古井犹存，遗迹昭然，诉说着这位燕人猛将的传奇。
飞少时家道殷实，有田庄桃园，以屠沽为业，性刚烈勇猛，常与乡里孩童角力，桀骜难驯。其父屡请塾师皆被气走，幸得舅氏引荐，拜归隐武将王养年为师。王公文武兼备，见飞骨相不凡，授其《春秋》《孙子兵法》与枪矛绝技，更教书法绘美人、穿针引线磨心性。数载苦修后，飞通韬略、擅翰墨，绘美人名动乡里，摩崖书法遒劲雄浑，纪昀曾叹“慷慨横戈百战余，桓侯笔札定然疏。哪知拓本摩崖字，车骑将军手自书”，足证其文武兼修，非徒有勇力。
中平元年黄巾乱起，天下鼎沸。刘备在涿郡招兵买马，飞与关羽一见倾心，三人于庄中桃园结义，誓共扶汉室、生死与共。自此，飞执丈八蛇矛随玄德辗转南北，讨黄巾时勇冠三军，守下邳虽醉酒失城，却知过思改，愈发沉稳。
建安十三年，曹操挥师南下，刘备携民渡江兵败长坂坡。危急之际，飞仅率二十骑断后，立马当阳桥断桥拒敌，厉声大喝：“我乃燕人张翼德也！谁敢与我决一死战？”声震寰宇，曹军众将心惊胆寒，无人敢前，刘备得以脱险。此役，飞既以勇立威，更设疑兵扬尘惑敌，尽显粗中有细之智，成千古佳话。
西川之战，飞率军溯江而上兵临江州，守将严颜死守不降，被俘后怒斥张飞，风骨凛然。飞见其忠勇，反亲解其缚、待以宾礼，终令严颜归降，尽显识才爱才胸襟，为取西川扫清障碍。宕渠一战，飞与张郃相持五十余日，巧诱敌军入狭窄山道分兵突袭，大破张郃，令曹军不敢南向，保巴西之地无虞，用兵之谋不输良将。
飞一生敬君子而不恤小人，刘备屡劝未改。章武元年，关羽败走麦城为东吴所害，刘备兴兵伐吴，飞奉命自阆中出兵。临行前夜，因鞭挞部将遭暗算，身首异处，一代猛将殒于宵小之手，悲哉！其首葬云阳，身葬阆中，魂归涿郡，千秋祭祀香火不绝。
千载之下，涿州张飞古井仍映日月，桃园春风依旧拂面。世人多知张飞之勇，鲜识其文、忘其智。他是燕赵铁血男儿，蜀汉开国功臣，忠义贯日月，智勇炳千秋。涿郡因飞增辉，三国因飞添彩，桓侯英魂永留涿水之滨，激励后世守忠义、怀智勇，不负燕赵豪杰之名。飞曾受封西乡侯，爵位传于次子。
（刘会军 2026.1.25 涿州）
（字数：986字）
英文翻译："Notes on Zhuozhou" 04
Zhang Fei of Zhuojun
The fertile land of Zhuojun, part of the ancient Yan and Zhao regions, nurtures valiant warriors and gives birth to fierce ministers. Zhang Fei, styled Yide, posthumously known as Marquis Huan of Han, is an eternal hero of this place. His hometown is Zhongyi (Loyalty and Righteousness) Store in the southwest of Zhuozhou, formerly named Taozhuang (Peach Village). It was renamed after Liu Bei, Guan Yu, and Zhang Fei took an oath in the peach garden to highlight their loyalty and righteousness. To this day, the ancient well there still exists, with clear traces telling the legend of this fierce warrior from Yan.
In his youth, Zhang Fei's family was well-off, owning farmland and a peach garden, and he made a living by butchering and selling wine. He was fiery-tempered and brave, often wrestling with village children, unruly and hard to tame. His father repeatedly invited private tutors, but all were driven away in anger. Fortunately, his uncle recommended him to Wang Yangnian, a retired military officer. Master Wang was versed in both literary and martial arts. Seeing that Zhang Fei had an extraordinary physique, he taught him The Spring and Autumn Annals, The Art of War by Sun Tzu, and exquisite spear skills, and even taught him calligraphy, painting of beauties, and threading needles to temper his temperament. After years of hard training, Zhang Fei became proficient in strategies, skilled in calligraphy, and his paintings of beauties were famous in the village. His cliff inscriptions were forceful and vigorous. Ji Yun once sighed, "After a hundred battles with generous spirit and wielding a spear, Marquis Huan's writings must be careless. Who would have known that the characters on the rubbing from the cliff were written by the General of Chariots and Cavalry himself?" This fully confirms that he was versed in both literary and martial arts, not just having brute strength.
In the first year of Zhongping (184 AD), the Yellow Turban Rebellion broke out, throwing the whole country into chaos. Liu Bei recruited soldiers in Zhuojun. Zhang Fei and Guan Yu felt an immediate affinity for Liu Bei, and the three took an oath in the peach garden of the village, vowing to jointly support the Han Dynasty and share life and death. From then on, Zhang Fei, holding his serpent-spear, followed Xuande (Liu Bei) as he traveled north and south. He was the bravest among the troops when suppressing the Yellow Turbans. Though he lost the city of Xiapi due to drunkenness, he acknowledged his mistake and became more steady.
In the thirteenth year of Jian'an (208 AD), Cao Cao led his army south. Liu Bei, leading the people across the Yangtze River, was defeated at Changban Slope. In the critical moment, Zhang Fei led only twenty cavalry to hold the rear. He stood by the broken Dangyang Bridge to resist the enemy, shouting loudly, "I am Zhang Yide from Yan! Who dares to fight me to the death?" His voice shook the world, and the generals of Cao's army were terrified, no one daring to advance, allowing Liu Bei to escape. In this battle, Zhang Fei not only established his authority with bravery but also set up a decoy force to stir up dust and confuse the enemy, fully showing his wisdom that lay beneath his roughness, becoming an eternal story.
In the battle for Xichuan, Zhang Fei led his army upstream along the river and reached Jiangzhou. The defending general Yan Yan held out and refused to surrender. After being captured, Yan Yan angrily rebuked Zhang Fei with unyielding integrity. Seeing his loyalty and courage, Zhang Fei instead personally untied him, treated him with courtesy as a guest, and finally persuaded Yan Yan to surrender, showing his broad mind in recognizing and cherishing talent, clearing obstacles for the capture of Xichuan. In the Battle of Dangqu, Zhang Fei confronted Zhang He for more than fifty days. He cleverly lured the enemy into a narrow mountain road and sent troops to launch a surprise attack, thoroughly defeating Zhang He, making Cao's army dare not move south and ensuring the safety of Brazil. His military strategy was no less than that of excellent generals.
Zhang Fei respected gentlemen but was harsh on his subordinates. Liu Bei advised him repeatedly, but he did not change. In the first year of Zhangwu (221 AD), Guan Yu was defeated, fled to Maicheng, and was killed by the Eastern Wu. Liu Bei raised an army to attack Wu, and Zhang Fei was ordered to send troops from Langzhong. On the night before departure, he was assassinated by his subordinates whom he had whipped, his body and head separated. What a tragedy that such a great warrior died at the hands of villains! His head was buried in Yunyang, his body in Langzhong, and his soul returned to Zhuojun, with sacrifices continuing through the ages.
After a thousand years, the ancient well of Zhang Fei in Zhuozhou still reflects the sun and moon, and the spring breeze in the peach garden still brushes the face. The world mostly knows Zhang Fei's bravery, but few know his literary talent and forget his wisdom. He was a valiant man of Yan and Zhao, a founding hero of Shu Han, with loyalty and righteousness shining through the sun and moon, and wisdom and courage illuminating the ages. Zhuojun is glorified by Zhang Fei, and the Three Kingdoms are enriched by him. The heroic spirit of Marquis Huan remains forever on the banks of the Zhuo River, inspiring future generations to uphold loyalty and righteousness, cherish wisdom and courage, and live up to the name of heroes from Yan and Zhao. Zhang Fei was once granted the title of Marquis of Xixiang, and the title was passed down to his second son.
(Liu Huijun, Zhuozhou, January 25th, 2026)
(Word count: 986)
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发表于 2026-1-1 15:25:24
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发表于 2026-1-1 19:13:33
